Friday, November 13, 2009

APEC Back to Singapore After 20 Years


After 20 years, finally had the honor of Singapore back to entertain the leaders of member countries of Economic Cooperation Forum Asia Pacific (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation / APEC), 14-15 November 2009.

This time, it puts the country town of 21 heads of state / government of APEC sit at a table discussing issues of global economic summit meeting of the 17th APEC theme is "Maintaining Growth, Connecting Regions".

The theme reflects the ongoing process in APEC to facilitate trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region in particular, and responding to the challenges of the current world economic conditions in general.

As one of the countries that depend economically income from the services sector, the theme was regarded as very precise carried by the country with approximately 4.48 million at the southern tip of peninsular Malaysia and northern Indonesian Riau Islands.

Although the extent of only slightly larger than Monaco and the Vatican, Singapore is in the front line in determining the dynamics of the world economy.

Singapore tried to show the relevance of Asia-Pacific countries with a logo depicting the 21 rays coalesce into a unity in the center, on the writings of APEC Singapore 2009.

According to information from the official page of the APEC Singapore 2009, the logo shows the commitment of APEC's 21 member countries towards unity, cooperation, and synergy within the framework of common interests.

According to the Sejarah Melayu, as written in the wikipedia page, the name given by the Singapore Nila Utama, a prince from Palembang Malays in the early 14 th century, which means "Lion City".

England, who arrived in Singapore in 1819 and then turned the country into a trade center. From the 19th to 20th centuries, Singapore was a British colony and became a member of countries Strait (Straits Settlements) with the island of Penang and Melaka.

In 1959, the country was granted the right by the British to govern themselves, and in September 1963, combined with the Fellowship of Malaysia.

But the alliance was split and Singapore issued on August 7, 1965. Cause, the conflict between UMNO (the ruling party in Malaysia) and Singapore People's Action Party (PAP) leader Lee Kuan Yew. Finally, on August 9, 1965, Singapore, and stood as an independent republic. Ironically, Malaysia became the first country to recognize Singapore as an independent nation.

Years passed and Singapore became a successful country economically with a GDP per capita equivalent to the countries of Western Europe.

Currently chaired by Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, the eldest son of Lee Kuan Yew.

Although the Singapore economy thrived, but in the political field a number of parties tend to assess Singapore does not change much because of the political arena dominated PAP has ruled Singapore since independence.

PAP government is often referred to introduce legislation that did not give parties the growth of an effective opposition, but the model of governance as it had managed to turn Singapore into the developed world, free from corruption and have an open market economy.

Singapore has an advanced market economy and open, with a GDP per capita of the five highest in the world.

Export sector, industry and services sectors aalah important in the economy of Singapore. The Singapore Government has a high cash reserves after the workers mewajibakn save money in the bank.

Era of globalization is happening in Singapore today cause more attention to efforts to make the country as a financial center and technology in Asia.

In addition, Singapore suspect many can benefit from the black of the Indonesian conglomerate that ran because there was no extradition treaty between the two countries.

Geographically, the country area of 707.1 square kilometers has 63 islands. As an island state, Singapore also has several other small islands such as tekong Island, Pulau Ubin and Sentosa. Highest location in Singapore is at Bukit Timah with a height of 166 meters.

Since Singapore reclaiming land in early 1960, Singapore's land area increased to 581.5 square kilometers in 1960 and 699.3 square kilometers today. Based on calculations, Singapore area will still be 100 square kilometers increased again until the year 2030.

Some small islands have been reclaimed in the Jurong and connected to a new island bigger and useful.



The 17th APEC

This time at the age of the APEC-20, Singapore returned to host, after earlier in 1990, Singapore to host APEC ministerial meeting.

Presidential spokesman Dino Patti Jalal, ahead of visit by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono to Singapore, said the APEC Economic Leaders will discuss prospects for regional economic integration and the possibility of accelerating regional integration through the concept of the Free Trade Area (FTA) in the APEC region.

Complete, four main issues to be discussed in the APEC summit is to accelerate regional economic integration and meet the Bogor targets. Continues to resist economic protectionism, increasing the flow of investment, and promote solutions to global climate change negotiations.

"In a meeting at the APEC summit, the President also will present a view of` `balanca growth," he said.

Asia as a whole has the largest reserves in the world with a growth of 46 percent in 1995 to 67 percent ten years later.

Combined reserves of countries like China, South Korea, Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan, India, Malaysia, and Singapore in early 2000 was recorded at 860 billion dollars and increased to three trillion U.S. dollars by the end of 2006, even China alone has reserves foreign exchange reached U.S. $ 2.272 trillion as of September 2009.

The amount of foreign exchange reserves of the country despite the region as a whole showed strong economic fundamentals, but in relation to APEC shows uneven inflow of capital due to massively motivated by the perception of risk.

Meanwhile, Foreign Ministry spokesman said the State Teuku Faizasyah, the Indonesian government will present a study evaluating the possibility of achieving Bogor targets for developed countries at the 2010 APEC summit.

Teuku Faizasyah said that APEC members have time to teach readiness for it before the next APEC meeting in Japan in 2010.

"Bogor Goals" is a declaration which resulted in a 1994 APEC summit in Bogor to realize the vision of economic cooperation. APEC Bogor targets aim to create trade and investment system that is free, open, and fair in the region for the 2010/2020 year the economy forward and develop the economy, leading the way in strengthening the system of open trade multirateral, increasing trade and services liberalization.

Bogor Target approach conducted with the cooperation agreed on guidelines known as the APEC Osaka Action Agenda (OAA) which includes the three pillars of APEC economic cooperation - trade and investment liberalization, business facilitation and economic cooperation and technical -, the general principles of cooperation , the main instruments of cooperation and areas of APEC cooperation.

Faiza further said that Indonesia could specifically use the APEC meeting was to convey to the state governments of APEC programs and the commitment of the new cabinet government in Indonesia.

APEC is a forum of economic cooperation that Asia Pacific was formed in 1989. In the beginning there were 12 countries as the founder of Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and the United States.

Since then it has become the main vehicle in the Asia Pacific region in improving the openness and the practice of economic cooperation so as to attract the input of several countries People's Republic of China, Hong Kong-China and China Taipei to join in 1991 which followed the entry of Mexico and Papua New Guinea in 1993 and Chile in 1994.

While the last three members of the economics of the Russian Federation, Peru and Vietnam join the APEC forum in 1998.

Composed of 21 members of the Economy, APEC is an economic cooperation forum in the Asia-Pacific region which was voluntary, informal, and not binding.

APEC aims to improve the welfare and economic growth and strengthen regional economic cooperation Asia-Pacific region through increased trade and investment volumes.

Indonesia supports APEC's important role in increasing economic cooperation in the region and play an active role in the development direction of APEC cooperation to the fore.

Indonesia's participation in APEC based on the importance of anticipating and taking advantage and secure the national interests of Indonesia from the era of trade and investment are increasingly free in the Asia Pacific.

Another advantage for the APEC forum as a place Indonesia is the Indonesian business community involved in the process of policy development, capacity development facilities through the use of APEC projects.

In addition, APEC is a forum to exchange experiences, as well as forums that allow Indonesia to project the interests and secure his position in the order of international economic relations that is free and open. (Gusti Nc Aryani)

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